Can Academic English be defined as Spanish (Standard) and can Chicano Spanish be described as nonstandard? Why? What inferences, conclusions, can be made from referring to one identity (language) as standard versus nonstandard?

Yes, it can in fact be considered as nonstandard compared to Spanish which is the standard. Reasoning for this can be found by actually checking statistics for how many people speak Standard Spanish vs. Chicano Spanish Nonstandard. From reading this essay I can guess that Spanish has a greater speaking population then Chicano although I do not know that for sure. There are issues with considering one or the other standard and nonstandard, that being that one will become more "acceptable" within that society therefore making the other one obsolete and anyone who uses it may be berated for not speaking the "standard".